分類: internet

上個月中的消息。永遠老三的Opera 為了抗議 Microsoft(TM) 的一些作法，在原本的 7.x 版本外又特地推出了 bork version. 這個 version 跟其他版本的差異在於，瀏覽 MSN 網站時會將所有的英文自動翻譯成有趣的拼法。若有興趣自己試試, Opera Bork 版可以從官方的 ftp 站下載。

來自 Technology Review 的消息。號誌辨認常常是我們騎車周遊各國時所會遇到的一個麻煩。現任教於 Carnegie Mellon University 的 Jie Yang 發明了一套使用 HP Jornada 再加上照相機便可以將他國道路視覺號誌翻譯的軟體。 我在想，PDA 除了可作 GPS 定位之外，還可以如何和摩托旅遊結合。至少，我曾經在 PalmGear 上看過為數不少專們寫給行車油量紀錄的軟體。

1) 2001 年 Lawrence Lessig(Stanford Law Professor) 與 Jack Valenti(President of the Motion Picture Association of America) 針對 Creative Commons 授權模式作精采的辯論。

2) MIT Open Courseware 採用的 CC 授權條款。

三月份 Business Week 的特刊報告"Linux Uprising." 頗為有趣的封面。

Amazon 的創辦人兼執行長 Jeff Bezos 竟然可以向 USPTO 申請到 Discussion Group 的專利權，這實在是令人啼笑皆非。局裡員工顯然是自外於網路世界太久了。

Read more from Ecommerce News.

The Semantic Web Illustrated, SemaView – first of a series of “At-A-Glance" illustrations introducing the semantic web technologies.

The Lord Of the Webs (Washington Post) – Tim Berners-Lee explains the Semantic Web at the US National Science Foundation 2003-01-30

Google 的『獨大』讓我感到有點害怕，但除了萬眾為首的 它 以外，我們是不是有其他不同的選擇呢(well, I am not sure)？我自己另外常用的有 vivisimo.com, teoma.com, 還有 alltheweb.com.

opensource.mit.edu 提供 Open Source 學術研究界一個 depository. 開放來源碼研究者，可於網頁登記個人研究專長。

昨日上傳的論文，簡列 title 與 abstract 如下… Paper 1
Authors:
Bonaccorsi, Andrea & Cristina Rossi

Title
Why open source software can succeed

按一下以存取 rp-bonaccorsirossi.pdf

Abstract
The paper discusses three key economic problems raised by the emergence
and diffusion of open source software: motivation, coordination, and diffusion under a dominant standard. First the movement took off through the activity of a software development community that deliberately did not follow profit motivations. Second, a hierarchical coordination emerged without the support of an organization with proprietary rights.

Third, Linux and other open source systems diffused in an evnvironment dominated by established proprietary standards, which benefited from significant increasing returns. The paper show that recent developments in the theory of critical mass in the diffusion of technologies with network externality may help to explain these phenomena.

Paper 2
Authors
Franke, Nik and Eric von Hippel

Title:
Satisfying Heterogeneous User Needs via Innovation Toolkits: The Case of
Apache Security Software

按一下以存取 rp-vonhippelfranke.pdf

Abstract
Manufacturers customarily provide only a few product variants to address the average needs of users in the major segments of markets they serve. When user needs are highly heterogeneous, this approach leaves many seriously dissatisfied. One solution is to enable users to modify products on their own using innovation toolkits.?We explore the effectiveness of this solution in an empirical study of Apache security software. We find high heterogeneity of need in that field, and also find that users modifying their own software to be significantly more satisfied than non- innovating users. We propose that the user toolkits solution will be useful in many markets characterized by heterogeneous
demand.d.onality on offer. We also find that users creating their own software modifications are significantly more satisfied than are non-innovating users. We conclude by suggesting that the “toolkits for user innovation" approach to enhancing user satisfaction might be generally applicable to markets characterized by heterogeneous user needs.

Paper 3
Authors:
Hertel, Guido, Sven Niedner & Stefanie Herrmann

Title:
Motivation of Software Developers in Open Source Projects: An Internet-based Survey of Contributors to the Linux Kernel

按一下以存取 rp-hertelniednerherrmann.pdf

Abstract:
The motives of 141 contributors to a large Open Source Software project(the Linux kernel) was explored with an internet-based questionnaire study. Measured factors were both derived from discussions within the Linux community as well as from models from social sciences. Participants’ engagement was particularly determined by their identification as a Linux developer, by pragmatic motives to improve own software, and by their tolerance of time investments. Moreover, some of the software development was accomplished by teams. Activities in these teams were particularly determined by participants?evaluation of the team goals as well as by their perceived indispensability and self-efficacy.

Paper 4
Author:
O’Mahony, Siobhan

Title:
Guarding the Commons: How Community Managed Software Projects Protect
Their Work

按一下以存取 rp-omahony.pdf

Abstract:
Theorists often speculate why open source and free software project contributors give their work away. Although contributors make their work publicly available, they do not forfeit their rights to it. Community managed software projects protect their work by using several legal and normative tactics, which should not be conflated with a disregard for or neglect of intellectual property rights. These tactics allow a project intellectual property to be publicly and freely available and yet, governable. Exploration of this seemingly contradictory state may provide new insight into governance models for the management of digital intellectual property.

Paper 5
Authors:
von Krogh, Georg, Sebastian Spaeth & Karim R. Lakhani

Title
Community, Joining, and Specialization in Open Source Software
Innovation: A Case Study

按一下以存取 rp-vonkroghspaethlakhani.pdf

Abstract:
This paper develops an inductive theory of the open source software
innovation process by focussing on the creation of Freenet, a project
aimed at developing a decentralized and anonymous peer-to- peer
electronic file sharing network. We are particularly interested in the
strategies and processes by which new people join the existing community
of software developers, and how they initially contribute code.
Analyzing data from multiple sources on the Freenet software development
process, we generate the constructs of “joining script",
“specialization", “contribution barriers", and “feature gifts", and
propose relationships among these. Implications for theory and research
are discussed.

Paper 6

Author:
West, Joel

Title
How Open is Open Enough? Melding Proprietary and Open Source Platform
Strategies

按一下以存取 rp-west.pdf

Abstract:
Computer platforms provide an integrated architecture of hardware and
software standards as a basis for developing complementary assets. The
most successful platforms were owned by proprietary sponsors that
controlled platform evolution and appropriated associated rewards.
Responding to the Internet and open source systems, three traditional
vendors of proprietary platforms experimented with hybrid strategies
which attempted to combine the advantages of open source software while
retaining control and differentiation. Such hybrid standards strategies
reflect the competing imperatives for adoption and appropriability, and
suggest the conditions under which such strategies may be preferable to
either the purely open or purely proprietary alternatives.

Paper 7
Author:
Zeitlyn, David

Title:
Gift economies in the development of open source software:
Anthropological reflections

按一下以存取 rp-zeitlyn.pdf

Building on Eric Raymond work this article discusses the motivation
and rewards that lead some software engineers to participate in the open
source movement. It is suggested that software engineers in the open
source movement may have sub-groupings which parallel kinship groups
such as lineages. Within such groups gift giving is not necessarily or
directly reciprocated, instead members work according to the xiom of
kinship amity??direct economic calculation is not appropriate within
the group. What Bourdieu calls ymbolic capital?can be used to
understand how people work in order to enhance the reputation (of
themselves and their group).

****************************************************************************************
Working Papers
****************************************************************************************

Paper 1
Author:
Ratto, Matt

Title:
Re-working by the Linux Kernel developers

按一下以存取 ratto.pdf

Abstract:
Technology design is generally a matter of re-working existing systems
rather than the designing of entirely novel artifacts. In this paper I
explore part of a computer operating system called Linux that is
designed to be re-worked by its users, a process I call ‘designing for
redesign’. I examine the practices of reworking within this development
effort using some concepts gleaned from activity theory, a
meta-theoretical model that particularly focuses on the simultaneously
material and conceptual aspects of artifacts. This work is two- fold;
first to examine design as part of a larger activity of re-working, and
second, to begin to put together a model of socio-technical activity
that incorporates the complex epistemological and ontological conditions
that characterize current human conditions. Understanding the sociality
and materiality of “knowing" and “doing" in technologized society means
unpacking what we mean when we talk of ‘access’ and understanding ‘use’
as often an activity of re-working.

Paper 2
Author:
Reis, Christian Robottom & Renata Pontin de Mattos Fortes

Title
An Overview of the Software Engineering Process and Tools in the Mozilla
Project

按一下以存取 reismozilla.pdf

Abstract:
The Mozilla Project is an Open Source Software project which is
dedicated to development of the Mozilla Web browser and application
framework. Possessing one of the largest and most complex communities of
developers among Open Source projects, it presents interesting
requirements for a software process and the tools to support it. Over
the past four years, process and tools have been refined to a point
where they are both stable and effective in serving the project needs.
This paper describes the software engineering aspect of a large Open
Source project. It also covers the software engineering tools used in
the Mozilla Project, since theMozilla process and tools are intimately
related. These tools include Bugzilla, a Web application designed for
bug tracking, bug triage, code review and correction; Tinderbox, an
automated build and regression testing system; Bonsai, a tool which
performs queries to the CVS code repository; and LXR, a hypertext-based
source code browser.

***********************************************************************
MS Thesis
Author:
Rothfuss, Gregor J

Title
A Framework for Open Source Projects

按一下以存取 rotfuss.pdf

Abstract:
The historical roots of Open Source are outlined. A comparison between
Open Source projects and classical projects highlights strengths and
weaknesses of both, and defines their attributes. Existing Open Source
theories are evaluated, and the requirements for a framework for Open
Source projects are determined. The framework introduces the notions of
actors, roles, areas, processes and tools, and depicts their
interrelationships in a matrix. Each aspect of the framework is then
further developed to serve both as a conceptual foundation for Open
Source and a help for organizing and managing Open Source projects.
***********************************************************************
Updated Paper

Author:
Hawkins, Richard

Title
The Economics of Free Software for a Competitive Firm

按一下以存取 hawkins.pdf

Abstract:
This paper builds a simple economic model of the profit seeking firm
with a choice between producing an open source and proprietary
solutions. Differences between public and viral licenses are discussed
from the firm’s perpective. Advocacy issues are omitted entirely, and
the model requires no math beyond subtraction. The decision of a firm to
adopt an open source product rather than purchase is also discussed, but
is seen as a trivial and uninteresting problem.

資料來源: Karim
===============================================
Karim R. Lakhani
MIT Sloan School of Management
MIT Free/Open Source Software Research Project
e-mail: lakhani@mit.edu
voice: 617-851-1224
fax: 617-344-0403
http://opensource.mit.edu
http://freesoftware.mit.edu
http://mit.edu/lakhani/www

Dan Gillmor 在 專欄(聖荷西水星報) 中提到 Google 已經買下 blogger.com 母公司 (Pyra) 的訊息，這不啻是為整個 bloggging sphere 投下重大的變數(now it’s getting fuzzier and harder to predict the curve)。

Synergy and consilience? Google 主管還在想 blogging 和 googling 要怎麼結合：

Nick Denton asks: “Will Google use weblog links to improve Google News?" I asked Google’s spokesman roughly the same question, but got no answer. Stay tuned, he said, because the company is just starting to figure out how it’s going to use this stuff.

新的 googlism 會是 “glogging(個落格)" 嗎？

/. 上的討論。

Elwyn Jenkins(GoogleVillage.info): Google Buys Pyra: Fuel for The Blogging World!

Paypal, 網路上最大的小額付費機制，昨日(Feb.13)寄發給會員新的 user agreement(海外版). 我使用 paypal 大概有一年多的時間，因此被特赦在下次登入的六十日之內，決定是否同意新的條款。若不同意，只好吃自己的。懷疑新條款我們這些善良的人類(no robot-agent)是否能解讀：

Re-organize the information into 1) a User Agreement that sets out the basic legal relationship between you and PayPal, and 2) various Policies that set the rules for how the PayPal service works. This reorganization is intended to help you more easily understand your legal rights and obligations and to help you find answers to your questions on our various services more quickly. It also is intended to make the format of our User Agreement more consistent with that of our parent company, eBay.

Update our arbitration clause in order to clarify your dispute resolution alternatives in the event that you have a dispute that cannot be resolved through normal customer service channels.

Paypal 在去年底已由 ebay 所併購，並且與原來的付費機制(ebay payment)整合。另外，電子灣(ebay)在台灣這邊併購力傳資訊的過程相當不順利，一直到現在，雖然拍賣介面有所地域化，但仍是難以回天。這個消息對去年八月底趕來台灣的總裁 Meg Whitman 而言，絕對是第二記巴掌(第一記為 ebay 退出日本市場)。

Paypal(now an ebay’s company) 這種動不動就修改使用者同意條款的舉措，相當令人感冒。雖然我會安慰自己說『使用者的眼睛或許是雪亮的』，但不要忘記的是『行為則是被綁標的』。我還在研究 c2it, 看是否能為自己的最後尊嚴作解套。

從 Joi Ito 的日誌中看到這一個聊天室(HabboHotel.jp)。日文我只識阿一嗚ㄟㄛ，所以無法提供進一步的情報。或許你會想要試試看。

在 Keyboard 上敲打鍵盤的文字創作與傳統的紙筆創作『理序』，顯有不同。 Micheal Heim 在 Electric Language 一書中詳細地探索這個議題…. 首先是來自一個 keyboard 使用者的告白：

2002.01.05

….有些人已經習慣了『線性的』編輯文件，也就是傳統紙筆。但比如說我自己好了，在寫到一些東西就相當倚賴能夠讓我『平行處理』文字的工具，那就是電腦。

我在撰寫文章時把文章的本身當成是一個活動的有機體，所以隨時可以因應撰寫者本身在撰寫過程中任何的切入修改。紙筆則是相當於平地高樓起，一起筆就必須一路走下去。

最慘的狀況是，後來我又參加一次推甄一次聯考，兩次的國文作文我都拿的非常差勁，因為我寫的時候發現已經不太能適應紙筆來作答。那種撰寫時的背後心理模式根本是完全不一樣的。所以塗塗又改改，分數自然慘不忍睹。

Word processing 的興起取代了 typewriting 和紙筆創作。然而，這樣子的取代是否會迴圈(loop)影響到文字創作者對於文字和文句前後因果排列的感知？或是，我們可資操縱符號的『工具性進化』將影響到我們的思考(pivotal role of writing tools in shaping the way we think)？

當 ilyagram 在blog 媒體與學習一文中寫到：

我覺得，這是傳統內容所面臨到的挑戰與契機。雖然並不想過度推崇互動式的內容，不作任何比較與思辨下便盲目擁抱這種新媒體，但是我覺得這個實驗是任何關心的人都值得加以嘗試的；我們自己就已經從前人的經驗、自己的參與中獲益匪淺。你們有自己的經驗嗎？碰到過什麼問題？你們又怎麼解決呢？也許我們可以在這裡一起 brain storming….

我馬上想到，如果將 blog 納為 K12 教育體系下的國語文教育一環，那這些同學們會不會在以後面臨到如上面那位使用者所告白的問題？而學生面對紙筆時絞盡腦汁無法寫作，但在鍵盤上卻行雲流水，言之有物時，這情況是傳統國語文教師所樂見，或所能評鑑的嗎？

另文：關於 blog 的教育運用

德國薩爾大學網際網路法律資源專案(Juristisches Internetprojekt Saarbrüken)，目前編錄的語文別有：
English, Deutsch, 日本語, 正體中文, and more…

在兩位 MIT 學生(Garfinkel和Abhi的研究摘要中顯示，目前在市面上所流通的淘汰二手硬碟，可能會遭受到有心人士的收購。這些即使已經淘汰並且格式化過的硬碟，其實包含了許多可以 recover 的個人隱私資料，如信用卡號碼與醫療紀錄等等。最慘的一個例子是，這兩位研究生從 ebay 上買到了一個來自伊利諾州某地區銀行 ATM 的淘汰硬碟，而裡面則存有一整年份的金融交易資訊。

詳細報告將刊載於2003年 Jan/Feb 的 IEEE Security and Privacy.

Mimerdesk. 專攻教育類協同工作的一個軟體。

發信人: noralee (to be or not to), 信區: library
標 題: 網際網路圖書巡迴車
發信站: 淡江大學校務行政 BBS 站 (Fri Nov 29 16:21:30 2002)

摘譯自"Print great books off Web for free–legally" by Paula Shleis
The Beacon Journal 2002/10/4

正如傳統的圖書巡迴車(bookmobile)將好書運送到各地，為無法經常到圖書館或偏遠地區的人們，開啟另一道知識之門，新世紀的圖書巡迴車將會把數位化圖書運送到下一代的手中。 Internet Archive(www.archive.org)創始人Brewster Kahle的Bookmobile結合資訊科技，利用休旅車運載電腦、印表機及裁裝機等設備，透過衛星連線網際網路，將讀者想看的書列印並裝訂成冊。簡言之，Bookmobile是一個流動的數位圖書館，可在任何時間、地點，為任何需要的人，連線下載及列印public domain的圖書。Kahle希望大家能關注免費圖書的存在及價值，因為很多人連public domain是什麼都不知道。一本書一旦被歸為public domain，即可提供公眾以任何方式取用，讓全球共享人類的知識資產。Kahle 預估目前約有2萬種public domain的書可供下載，但透過國際的共同努力，可增加1百萬種以上。

然而，美國聯邦的著作權法(Copyright Act) 從1970年到1998年，對著作權的保護期一再地延長。1998年的修正法中將著作權保護期自著作人終身再加50年延長為再加70年，造成20年內不會有任何的書進入public domain。Kahle表示著作權的擴張非但沒有鼓勵知識的傳播，反而造成知識的壟斷，他希望最高法院能將Public Domain的觀念列入修法時的考慮因素。

譯註：有關知識在經濟時代面臨新式的壟斷，以及免費的知識是否瀕臨絕種等問題，在聯經出版社「知識的戰爭」(賽斯‧舒曼著)一書中，提出許多令人深思的觀點，值得一讀。本館館藏地-總館六樓書庫，索書號551.49/8838。

圖書館 李靜君

上個月初在校務行政版針對 OCW 的議題進行了一些討論，有興趣的讀者可以逕行往下讀。 《 在 noralee (to be or not to) 的大作中提到: 》
: 摘譯自"MIT’s Open Window" by Florence Olsen
: The Chronicle of Higher Education 2002/12/6
: http://chronicle.com/weekly/v49/i15/15a03101.htm

: MIT 的Open Course Ware (簡稱OCW) 將課程資料上網後，受到廣大的迴響。
: Carnegie Foundation 的Toru Iiyoshi認為此舉乃樹立一流私立學府落實知識公益
: 的典範。奧瑞崗Pacific University的教育科技專家Jeff Cooper預測未來老師及學
: 生會利用免費課程資料，並透過線上"以貨易貨(barter)"系統，交換教學服務。
: OCW計畫開發人員則認為可提供國外師生一窺MIT課程內容的機會，University

MIT 走的是研究路線，因此，他們的課程上內容線後，其實對於其他學校
都有相當的參考價值。舉最早上線兩門課程之一的 “Introduction to
Linguistics" 為例，這門課在國內大專院校的英文系(或相關系所)，
幾乎都是必開的課程，淡江也不例外。

: of Mauritius的教授Alain Sentenir 於今年7月在巴黎所舉辦的Unesco 論壇中即
: 表示，該校很有興趣翻譯OCW的內容，提供法語國家參考。

OCW FAQ10 裡已有讀者投書，詢問此問題：

# Will non-English version language versions of MIT
OCW course materials be made available?

Ans: At this time, there are no plans for MIT to offer a non-English
version of the MIT OCW Web site. Institutions from other
countries are welcome to translate and localize MIT OCW course
materials for their own use. However, MIT OCW will not partici-
pate in, or make any representations of the quality of, the
translation.

http://ocw.mit.edu/global/faq.html

如果西洋語文學系有人要包下來繁體中文的部分，不如現在就該趕快著手規
劃，免得失卻先機。後續的這些譯本資源要怎麼使用、怎麼去結合到學校的
現有課程架構之內，或是等版權問題解決後，要怎麼樣 distribute 給其他
的大專院校(或者是來個 joint translation project)，我猜，這都是很有
挑戰性和未來性(and probably very rewarding at the end)的大事。=)

: OCW雖然受到全世界的矚目，但有些人亦認為此計畫的野心太大。目前MIT已
: 上線的課程僅38門，預計2007年9月前完成2,000門課程，即將面臨的問題包
: 括：(1)後續還要投入多少經費?(2)需要那些機構的協助?(3)受惠者有那些人? (4)
: 課程全部上網後，是否會改變MIT的辦校宗旨。

關於問題(2)：需要哪些機構的協助？

http://ocw.mit.edu/global/organization.html

問題(4)：課程全部上網後，是否會改變MIT的辦校宗旨？

可以由 OCW FAQ2 得到一些訊息：
It provides the content of, but is not a substitute for,
an MIT education. The most fundamental cornerstone of the
learning process at MIT is the interaction between faculty
and students in the classroom, and among students themselves
on campus.

adapted from FAQ 2, http://ocw.mit.edu/global/faq.html

: MIT 的教師委員會主席Stephen M. Myer表示，取得有版權資料的授權，比原先
: 預期的工作還要龐大。

所以我猜想，他們想從 Open Source/Free Software 的理念來先下手，比
如說 DSpace 和 Open Knowledge Initiative – OKI(同樣是 MIT 的 project,
預計跟 OCW 結合)，等過幾年後看 e-publishing 對於傳統出版界在版權觀
念之授權上有什麼『質變』後(例如說 RIAA 和 Napster 的案件所帶來的衝擊)，
再來結合已經發展一段時間，業已成熟的 open source 架構.

參考站台：http://web.mit.edu/oki/
http://dspace.org/
http://sourceforge.net/projects/dspace/
http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
http://www.opensource.org/
http://www.riaa.org/napster_legal.cfm
http://opensource.mit.edu/

OCW FAQ11 提到這個問題：

# Is MIT OpenCourseWare an open-source project?

MIT OCW is building a new kind of electronic publishing model
for educational materials enabled by Internet technologies.
While MIT OCW’s published content is already providing value
to users, over the next five to 10 years published content,
technology, and processes will become increasingly more robust.
MIT OCW will be built on a single, searchable organizing structure
spanning all courses that will include uniform metadata about the
sites’ contents. During this pilot phase of MIT OCW, we are still
investigating what final, scalable, technology platform will be
utilized as MIT OCW grows to encompass the course materials for
virtually all of MIT’s subjects. MIT OCW is committed to open
systems and will share its approach with those who may want to
launch similar efforts.

: 此外，如何衡量OCW所帶來的衝擊也是另一項挑戰。OCW
: 自今年9月正式上線，不到一個月內，已有315,000人造訪，其中有30%來自國
: 際。因此，發展更複雜的衡量方法以評估OCW的使用情況，將是計畫的一部分。

我們可以看到 OCW Timeline 的第三階段(2005~2007)寫到：

·Evaluation of OCW impact

如果我們有類似的 project 準備進行，那對於台灣高等教育界可能
帶來什麼衝擊？或者更進一步來說，我們有什麼樣的『責任』？

最新一期(520期, 12/02 出刊)之淡江時報報載：
建置教學平台　全校科目全面上網
本校決定成立推動小組　各系先選擇一科目進行測試

　【本報訊】本校將著手進行教學支援平台的建置，預計在九十三年之前，
要將全校超過四千五百個科目全部上線，將教學活動從教室擴展到網路。

http://tkutimes.tku.edu.tw/news1/91/520/520-1.htm#articletag1

我們預計民國九十三年(西曆2004)前要將全部課程上線？四千五百門科目？
How? Why? And for whom?

Ms. Margulies says, “We’re hoping that we’ll find some flexible
and creative publishers who will try some experiments with us,"
which perhaps will lead to fewer restrictions on what can be
published in OpenCourseWare, she adds. Delays in getting copyright
clearances were the main reason that the OpenCourseWare site
started up in September with 38 courses instead of the 100 that
MIT had planned to release, she says.

http://chronicle.com/weekly/v49/i15/15a03101.htm

版權問題是他們遇到的主要障礙，今年九月預計上線推出 100 門科目，
結果只有 38 科目上線。

根據淡江時報所載的訊息來判斷，我想到幾個問題：

我們的哪些課程要上線？基礎學科要不要上線(如英聽)？有沒有必要？
上線後的價值是建立在哪裡？是知識的流通多了一個管道嗎？或是將知
識取得的權利由既有學門的架構打破分散？我們所預計要選的平台 Lotus
QuickPlace 支援什麼樣的 content 呈現方式？這樣的 content 呈現
方式『適不適合』我們台灣學生(淡江)的學習文化？IT 是最大的問題嗎？
還是整個學習文化？以 QuickPlace 的平台架構來由上往下形塑教師和
學生間的互動文化是否可行？課程上線是 facilitate, 還是 susbstitute
現有教學 model？Evaluation 的機制為何？

而平台的介面初步預計使用Quick Place軟體，建置的功能在教師
方面包括教師簡介、教學計劃表、講義等資料的查閱，及學生作業
上傳下載、試題總彙、互動區等，學生部分則可有碩博士論文、個
人行事曆、考試小表、選課小表、個人功課表、個人成績等。

– 淡江時報 520 期 –

Everyone familiar with the project agrees that participation
by most of MIT’s 1,000 faculty members is critical to its
success.

http://chronicle.com/weekly/v49/i15/15a03101.htm

非常大的計劃，而且是 fundamentally shaking learning structure
的計劃. Are we(instructors/pupils) ready to take the challenge?

Although no formal survey was taken to gauge professors’
interest, many of them have expressed enthusiasm for the project.
However, their involvement is entirely voluntary, and professors
will not participate if it takes too much of their time, says
Shigeru Miyagawa, a professor of linguistics and of Japanese
language and culture at MIT.

老師們是怎麼想的？老師們有辦法在短時間內適應嗎？上線的課程資源如果
不是文字，那平台支不支援？有些課程跟文字的關聯性不大，那要如何將教
學資源(除 syllabus 之外)上線？

But it is too soon to tell whether such projects may start up
elsewhere. Other universities and faculty members might hesitate
to make all of their course materials publicly available,
fearing that if a course were “lousy in some way," it would
expose a faculty member as incompetent, says Steven W. Gilbert,
president of the TLT Group, a nonprofit teaching, learning,
and technology corporation in Washington.

如上所述，上線的教材會不會牽涉到 “academic politics" 的問題？

Metadata 的問題？需不需要考慮未來跟 W3C 的 Semantic Web 的結合運用？

“資訊系老師王英宏則提醒應注意世界標準。"

OCW is a great project, and they have planned for more than just
a few years to get it rolled out. Discover/Build => Publish/Expand =>
Enhance 三階段預估需花上五年的時間(2002~2007)，這個 time span
尚不包含上世紀 90 年代所作的一堆背景研究案。

我一直在想，我們學生對於耳聞類似 OCW 這樣的計劃，可以學到些什麼？

Creative Commons is an organization, funded by the Center for the Public Domain and launched at Harvard Law School, that’s developing a new form of intellectual property licensing, along with “a Web application that helps people dedicate their creative works to the public domain — or retain their copyright while licensing them as free for certain uses, on certain conditions." Here’s a sample license summary generated by the app:

Attribution. The licensor permits others to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work. In return, licensees must give the original author credit.

Noncommercial. The licensor permits others to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work. In return, licensees may not use the work for commercial purposes — unless they get the licensor’s permission.

No Derivative Works. The licensor permits others to copy, distribute, display and perform only unaltered copies of the work — not derivative works based on it.