國家統一綱領 – Guidelines for National Unification

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國家統一綱領

中華民國八十年二月二十三日國家統一委員會第三次會議通過
中華民國八十年三月十四日行政院第二二二三次會議通過

壹、前言

中國的統一，在謀求國家的富強與民族長遠的發展，也是海內外中國人共同的願望。海峽兩岸應在理性、和平、對等、互惠的前提下，經過適當時期的坦誠交流、合作、協商，建立民主、自由、均富的共識，共同重建一個統一的中國。基此認識，特制訂本綱領，務期海內外全體中國人同心協力，共圖貫徹。

貳、目標

建立民主、自由、均富的中國。

參、原則

一、 大陸與台灣均是中國的領土，促成國家的統一，應是中國人共同的責任。
二、 中國的統一，應以全民的福祉為依歸，而不是黨派之爭。
三、 中國的統一，應以發揚中華文化，維護人性尊嚴，保障基本人權，實踐民主法治為宗旨。
四、 中國的統一，其時機與方式，首應尊重台灣地區人民的權益並維護其安全與福祉，在理性、和平、對等、互惠的原則下，分階段逐步達成。

肆、進程

一、 近程－－交流互惠階段
(一) 以交流促進瞭解，以互惠化解敵意；在交流中不危及對方的安全與安定，在互惠中不否定對方為政治實體，以建立良性互動關係。
(二) 建立兩岸交流秩序，制訂交流規範，設立中介機構，以維護兩岸人民權益；逐步放寬各項限制，擴大兩岸民間交流，以促進雙方社會繁榮。
(三) 在國家統一的目標下，為增進兩岸人民福祉：大陸地區應積極推動經濟改革，逐步開放輿論，實行民主法治；台灣地區則應加速憲政改革，推動國家建設，建立均富社會。
(四) 兩岸應摒除敵對狀態，並在一個中國的原則下，以和平方式解決一切爭端，在國際間相互尊重，互不排斥，以利進入互信合作階段。

二、 中程－－互信合作階段
(一) 兩岸應建立對等的官方溝通管道。
(二) 開放兩岸直接通郵、通航、通商，共同開發大陸東南沿海地區，並逐步向其他地區推展，以縮短兩岸人民生活差距。
(三) 兩岸應協力互助，參加國際組織與活動。
(四) 推動兩岸高層人士互訪，以創造協商統一的有利條件。

三、 遠程－－協商統一階段
成立兩岸統一協商機構，依據兩岸人民意願，秉持政治民主、經濟自由、社會公平及軍隊國家化的原則，共商統一大業，研訂憲政體制，以建立民主、自由、均富的中國。

Guidelines for National Unification

Adopted by the National Unification Council at its third
meeting on February 23, 1991, and by the Executive Yuan Council
(Cabinet) at its 2223rd meeting on March 14, 1991.

I. Foreword

The unification of China is meant to bring about a strong and prosperous nation with a long-lasting, bright future for its people; it is the common wish of Chinese people at home and abroad. After an appropriate period of forthright exchange, cooperation, and consultation conducted under the principles of reason, peace, parity, and reciprocity, the two sides of the Taiwan Straits should foster a consensus of democracy, freedom and equal prosperity, and together build anew a unified China. Based on this understanding, these Guidelines have been specially formulated with the express hope that all Chinese throughout the world will work with one mind toward their fulfillment.

II. Goal

To establish a democratic, free and equitably prosperous China.

III. Principles

1. Both the mainland and Taiwan areas are parts of Chinese territory. Helping to bring about national unification should be the common responsibility of all Chinese people.

2. The unification of China should be for the welfare of all its people and not be subject to partisan conflict.

3. China’s unification should aim at promoting Chinese culture, safeguarding human dignity, guaranteeing fundamental human rights, and practicing democracy and the rule of law.

4. The timing and manner of China’s unification should first respect the rights and interests of the people in the Taiwan area, and protect their security and welfare. It should be achieved in gradual phases under the principles of reason, peace, parity, and reciprocity.

IV. Process

1. Short term–A phase of exchanges and reciprocity.

(1) To enhance understanding through exchanges between the two sides of the Strait and eliminate hostility through reciprocity; and to establish a mutually benign relationship by not endangering each other’s security and stability while in the midst of exchanges and not denying the other’s existence as a political entity while in the midst of effecting reciprocity.
(2) To set up an order for exchanges across the Strait, to draw up regulations for such exchanges, and to establish intermediary organizations so as to protect people’s rights and interests on both sides of the Strait; to gradually ease various restrictions and expand people-to- people contacts so as to promote the social prosperity of both sides.
(3) In order to improve the people’s welfare on both sides of the Strait with the ultimate objective of unifying the nation, in the mainland area economic reform should be carried out forth-rightly, the expression of public opinion there should gradually be allowed, and both democracy and the rule of law should be implemented; while in the Taiwan area efforts should be made to accelerate constitutional reform and promote national development to establish a society of equitable prosperity.
(4) The two sides of the Strait should end the state of hostility and, under the principle of one China, solve all disputes through peaceful means, and furthermore respect–not reject–each other in the international community, so as to move toward a phase of mutual trust and cooperation.

2. Medium term–A phase of mutual trust and cooperation.

(1) Both sides of the Strait should establish offical communication channels on equal footing.
(2) Direct postal, transport and commercial links should be allowed, and both sides should jointly develop the southeastern coastal area of the Chinese mainland and then gradually extend this development to other areas of the mainland in order to narrow the gap in living standards between the two sides.
(3) Both sides of the Strait should work together and assist each other in taking part in international organizations and activities.
(4) Mutual visits by high-ranking officials on both sides should be promoted to create favorable conditions for consultation and unification.

3. Long term–A phase of consultation and unification.

A consultative organization for unification should be established through which both sides, in accordance with the will of the people in both the mainland and Taiwan areas, and while adhering to the goals of democracy, economic freedom, social justice and nationalization of the armed forces, jointly discuss the grand task of unification and map out a constitutional system to establish a democratic, free, and equitably prosperous China.